Chinese Jade
The ancient Chinese employed the word Yii in a very broad sense for any good hard-stone carvings, including those of what we now recognize as “true jade.” A more specific Chinese name, applied many centuries later in history to bright green jade, is fei-ts’ui. The name means kingfisher, and alludes to the bright green color of the feathers of one species of this bird. There was even a time when the name jasper, which we now use for a variety of quartz, served several kinds of jade that are used for wedding rings.
Strangely enough, despite the close connection between China and jade, the names used for this material come from an opposite corner of the world. The name jade was established before the time Chinese jade and jade carvings were well known in Europe. There are no known references to jade, by any name, in the literature of Europe that predates the discovery of jade in America. It was the Spanish who introduced this “new” stone to Europe and gave it a name.
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